Atatürk's Life
"There are two Mustafa Kemals. One the flesh-and-blood Mustafa Kemal who nowstands before you and who will pass away. the other is you, all of you here who will go tothe far corners of our land to spread the ideals which must be defended with your lives ifnecessary. I stand for the nation's dreams, and my life's work is to make them cometrue."
Atatürk stands as one of the world's few historic figures who dedicated their livestotally to their nations.
He was born in 1881 (probably in the spring) in Salonica, then an Ottoman city, now inGreece. His father Ali Riza, a customs official turned lumber merchant, died when Mustafawas still a boy. His mother Zubeyde, adevout and strong-willed woman, raised him and his sister. First enrolled in a traditionalreligious school, he soon switched to a modern school. In 1893, he entered a military highschool where his mathematics teacher gave him the second name Kemal (meaning perfection)in recognition of young Mustafa's superior achievement. He was thereafter known as MustafaKemal.
In 1905, Mustafa Kemal graduated from the War Academy in Istanbul with the rank ofStaff Captain. Posted in Damascus, he started with several colleagues, a clandestinesociety called "Homeland and Freedom" to fight against the Sultan'sdespotism. In 1908 he helped the group of officers who toppled the Sultan. Mustafa Kemal'scareer flourished as he won his heroism in the far corners of the Ottoman Empire,including Albania and Tripoli. He also briefly served as a staff officer in Salonica andIstanbul and as a military attache in Sofia.
In 1915, when Dardanelles campaign was launched, Colonel Mustafa Kemal became anational hero by winning successive victories and finally repelling the invaders. Promotedto general in 1916, at age 35, he liberated two major provinces in eastern Turkey thatyear. In the next two years, he served as commander of several Ottoman armies inPalestine, Aleppo, and elsewhere, achieving another major victory by stopping the enemyadvance at Aleppo.
On May 19, 1919, Mustafa Kemal Pasha landed in the Black Sea port of Samsun to startthe War of Independence. In defiance of the Sultan's government, he rallied a liberationarmy in Anatolia and convened the Congress of Erzurum and Sivas which established thebasis for the new national effort under his leadership. On April 23, 1920, the GrandNational Assembly was inaugurated. Mustafa Kemal Pasha was elected to its Presidency.
Fighting on many fronts, he led his forces to victory against rebels and invadingarmies. Following the Turkish triumph at the two major battles at Inonu in Western Turkey,the Grand National Assembly conferred on Mustafa Kemal Pasha the title ofCommander-in-Chief with the rank of Marshal. At the end of August 1922, the Turkish armieswon their ultimate victory. Within a few weeks, the Turkish mainland was completelyliberated, the armistice signed, and the rule of the Ottoman dynasty abolished.
In July 1923, the national government signed the Lausanne Treaty with Great Britain,France, Greece, Italy, and others. In mid-October, Ankara became the capital of the newTurkish State. On October 29, the Republic was proclaimed and Mustafa Kemal Pasha wasunanimously elected President of the Republic.
Atatürk married Latife Usakligil in early 1923. The marriage ended in divorce in 1925.
The account of Atatürk's fifteen year Presidency is a saga of dramatic modernization.With indefatigable determination, he created a new political and legal system, abolishedthe Caliphate and made both government and education secular, gave equal rights to women,changed the alphabet and the attire, and advanced the arts and the sciences, agricultureand industry.
In 1934, when the surname law was adopted, the national parliament gave him the name"Atatürk" (Father of the Turks).
On November 10, 1938, following an illness of a few months, the national liberator andthe Father of modern Turkey died. But his legacy to his people and to the world endures.
Atatürk's body was re-interred in this splendid mausoleum in 1953
Ingilizce Sözleri:
Our great ideal is to raise our nation to highest standars of civilization and porsperity.
Büyük hedefimiz, milletimizi en yüksek medeniyet seviyesine ve refaha ulaştırmaktır.
Teachers: the new generation will be your devotion.
Öğretmenler: Yeni nesiller sizlerin eseri olacaktır.
Happy is the one who says, "I'm a Turk".
Ne mutlu "Türküm" diyene.
Peace at home, peace in the world.
Yurtta sulh, cihanda sulh.
As they have come, so they will go.
Geldikleri gibi giderler.
One day my mortal body will turn to dust, but the Turkish Republic will stand forever.
Benim naciz vücudum elbet bir gün toprak olacaktır, ancak Türkiye Cumhuriyeti ilelebet payidar kalacaktır.
I have been able to teach many things to this nation, but I haven't been able to teach how to be lackeys.
Bu millete çok şey öğretebildim ama onlara uşak olmayı bir türlü öğretemedim.
Turkey's true master is the peasant.
Memleketin efendisi hakiki müstahsil olan köylüdür.
Do not be afraid of telling the truth.
Doğruyu söylemekten korkmayınız.
To see me does not necessarily mean to see my face. To understand my thoughts is to have seen me.
Beni görmek demek mutlaka yüzümü görmek demek değildir. Benim fikirlerimi, benim duygularımı anlıyorsanız ve hissediyorsanız bu yeterlidir.
The Turkish Republic will be happy, prosperous and victorious.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti mutlu, zengin ve muzaffer olacaktır.
A healthy mind in a healthy body.
Sağlam kafa sağlam vücutta bulunur.
Armies, your first goal is the Mediterranean. Forward!
Ordular, ilk hedefiniz Akdenizdir. İleri!
Culture is the foundation of the Turkish Republic.
Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin temeli kültürdür.
Following the military triumph we accomplished by bayonets, weapons and blood, we shall strive to win victories in such fields as culture, scholarship, science and economics.
Süngülerle, silahlarla ve kanla kazandığımız askeri zaferlerden sonra, kültür, bilim, fen ve ekonomi alanlarında da zaferler kazanmaya devam edeceğiz.
Victory is for those who can say "Victory is mine". Success is for those who can begin saying "I will succeed" and say "I have succeeded" in the end.
Zafer, "Zafer benimdir" diyebilenindir. Başarı ise, "Başaracağım" diye başlayarak sonunda "Başardım" diyebilenindir.
Sovereignty is not given, it is taken.
Egemenlik verilmez, alınır.
Authority, without any condition and reservation, belongs to the nation.
Egemenlik, kayıtsız şartsız ulusundur.
Teachers are the one and only people who save nations.
Milleti kurtaranlar yalnız ve ancak öğretmenlerdir.
Our true mentor in life is science.
Hayatta en hakiki mürşit ilimdir.
The Turkish Nation consists of the valiant descendants of a people that has lived independently and has considered independence the sole condition of existence. This nation has never lived without freedom, cannot and never will.
Türk Milleti bağımsız yaşamış ve bağımsızlığı varolmalarının yegane koşulu olarak kabul etmiş cesur insanların torunlarıdır. Bu millet hiçbir zaman hür olmadan yaşamamıştır, yaşayamaz ve yaşamayacaktır.
We Turks are a people who, throughout our history, have been the very embodiment of freedom and independence.
Biz Türkler tarih boyunca hürriyet ve istiklale timsal olmuş bir milletiz.
Our nation has succeeded owing to the unshakable unity it has shown in its actions and endeavours.
Milletimiz davranışlarında ve gayretlerinde sarsılmaz bir bütünlük gösterdiği için başarılı olmuştur.
There are two Mustafa Kemals; one is flesh-and-bone Mustafa Kemal who now stands before you and will pass away. The other one is you, all of you who will go to the far corners of our land to speand the ideals which must be defended with your lives if necessary. I stand for the nation's dreams, and my life's work is to make them come true.
İki Mustafa Kemal vardır: Biri ben, et ve kemik, geçici Mustafa Kemal... İkinci Mustafa Kemal, onu "ben" kelimesiyle ifade edemem; o, ben değil, bizdir! O, memleketin her köşesinde yeni fikir, yeni hayat ve büyük ülkü için uğraşan aydın ve savaşçı bir topluluktur. Ben, onların rüyasını temsil ediyorum. Benim teşebbüslerim, onların özlemini çektikleri şeyleri tatmin içindir. O Mustafa Kemal sizsiniz, hepinizsiniz. Geçici olmayan, yaşaması ve başarılı olması gereken Mustafa Kemal odur!
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